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Hanji (한지)

Briefly looking at the history of paper, Meng-Yeom(몽염) first developed paper in the Qin Dynasty of China( 진나라, 중국) , and the paper production technology improved by Cai Lun (채륜) in the Later Han Dynasty was introduced to the Korean Peninsular in 105 AD. It is presumed that Hanji (한지) was already used in the Korean Peninsular before Chae Ryun improved paper. Hanji (한지) has been widely recognized for its excellent quality since ancient times. Despite its subtle and soft color, it had the toughness not to tear easily, and it was thin and light, but it was well ventilated and absorbs moisture well, so it was suitable for writing and painting.  It has excellent light-emitting power that makes even the strongest sunlight transparent. Hanji is made from mulberry trees, oats (fixed pater), and mulberry trees, as well as hemp and grasses (bamboo, rice straw, and reeds). Paper making process Mulberry harvest - November~ December cut the first year branches of mulberry trees low. In the ...
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Folk paintings classified on the religious level.

 


Type of Folk paintings

Minhwa can be classified into several categories according to religion or the meaning of the material of the painting.

The following are types of paintings that include religious colors.

1. Jangsaeng-Do is a painting with the meaning of wishing for eternal youth. It includes the ten symbols of longevity, such as the Sun, Mountain, Cloud, Rock, Water, Pine Tree, Deer, Crane, Turtle and Bullocho (grass that never grows old).

(Ten Longevity Pictures)

2. Gunhak-Do (picture of a group cranes)
The crane has been considered a sacred animal since ancient times for its lofty appearance, and clear cry. The oldest crane paintings in Korea are found in Goguryeo tomb murals




          
                                                                       (Gunhak-Do)



                                                                 (Goguryeo tomb murals)
  

3.Ilwolobong-Do (Sun, Moon, Five peaks Mountain) : Ilwolobong -Do was decorated in the place where the king sat. Today, it is used for parties celebrating longevity. Most of the paintings are for court use or official ceremonies, and the workmanship is excellent.

4. Suhosin Picture (guardian deity pictures)

The guardian deities are Blue Dragon, White Tiger, Phoenix. It is used in Taoism to ward off evil. Four pictures were attached to the north, south, east and west.


5.12 zodiac signs. There are 12 zodiac signs in Korea and the East. The 12 zodiac gods are said to be the 12 kings who guard the land. Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Pig. In Korea, the animal of the year you were born becomes your zodiac sign. I am a Rabbit. 2023 is the year of the Rabbit.


6. As a Confucian folk painting, there are Filial piety, Personality, and Lifetime. In Korea, it is basic to be good to your parents. this is filial piety.











(Lifetime)

7. Character Picture : Confucianism reveres learning. At that time, Korean character were not yet created, so Chinese characters were used. They drew a picture using letters. The main subjects of character pictures are filial piety, Loyalty, and Longevity of courtesy etc. 



(孝悌文字圖 : letters screen)





 

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